Hair curler



Oct. 15, 1957 w. J. SCHOENDORF 2,809,543

HAIR CURLER Filed April 30, 1954 r United States Patent if HAIR CURLER William J. Schoendorf, Glendale, N. Y.; Rose Freeman, trustee of William Schoendorf, deceased Application April 30, 1954, Serial No. 426,635

1 Claim. (01. 132-42 The invention relates to hair curlers for use in producing permanent hair waves, and particularly in producing permanent hair waves by the cold wave process, such as disclosed in my copending application for Patent Ser. No. 318,167 filed November. 1, 1952, and to issue as Patent No. 2,677,380 on May 4, 1954.

Among the objects of the present invention it is aimed to provide an improved curler for use in producing permanent hair waves which contemplates the use of a chambered curling rod having openings in the wall thereof, the rod having enlarged end portions and a diminished intermediate portion, containers for hair treating liquid disposed in the end portions of the rod to enable the liquid in the containers to seep through the openings in said wall into contact with the hair wound upon the rod, and means associated with the rod for releasing the liquid in the containers when desired.

It is further an object of the present invention to provide an improved curler for use in producing permanent hair waves, particularly by the cold wave process, which contemplates the use of a chambered curling rod having openings in the wall thereof, containers for a combined lotion and neutralizer liquid disposed in the end portions of the rod, and means associated with the rod for releasing the liquid in the containers when desired, in turn to enable the same to seep through the openings in the wall of the rod into contact with the strands of hair wrapped around the rod.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide an improved curler for use in producing permanent hair waves, particularly by the cold wave process, which contemplates the use of a chambered curling rod having enlarged end portions and a diminished intermediate portion, fracturable containers for a combined lotion and neutralizer liquid disposed in the end portions of said rod, with openings in the rod to enable the liquid in the containers to seep therethrough into contact with the strand of hair wrapped around the rod, and means for normally anchoring said containers against rotation so that when said containers are twisted relative to said rod when desired, the containers will fracture and enable the contents freely to flow therefrom. These and other features, capabilities and advantages of the present invention will appear from the subjoined detailed description of specific embodiments thereof illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a side elevation.

Fig. 2 is an exploded side elevation.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged longitudinal section.

Fig. 4 is a section on the line 4--4 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5-5 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is an end view of the cap on the line 55 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 7 is an end view similar to Fig. 6 of a modification.

Fig. 8 is a section similar to Fig. 4 of a third modificatron.

Fig. 9 is a fragmental enlarged section of a part of the chambered rod.

2,809,643 Patented Oct. 15, 1957 Fig. 10 is a perspective of the device shown in Fig. 1 at the beginning of a wrap.

Fig. 11 is a perspective similar to Fig. 10 at the end of a wrap.

In the embodiment shown in Figs. 1 to 6, inclusive, there is illustrated a chambered rod 1 having a chamber 2, enlarged end portions 3 and 4, and a diminished intermediate portion 5. The rod 1 is provided with a plurality of openings or perforations, preferably two long rows of openings 6 and 7 and two alternate short rows of openings 8 and 9, the openings 8 and 9 being preferably staggered relative to the openings 6 and 7 as shown in Figs. 1,. 2 and 3. At the end of each of the end portions 3 and 4 there is provided a T-shaped bayonet slot 10 having a longitudinally extending entrance passageway 12, see Fig. 9, and two transverse branch passageways 13 and 14 ex-- tending at right angles to the entrance passageway 12. Preferably as shown, intermediate the entrance passageway 12 and the branch passageway 13, there is provided a shoulder or projection 15, and intermediate the entrance passageway 12 and the branch passageway 14 there is provided a shoulder or projection 16. Extending inwardly from the wall of the container 1 and outwardly of the ends of the short rows of perforations 8 and 9 there are provided projections 17, see Fig. 4. In the enlarged end portions 3 and 4 there are positioned the substantially conically-shaped containers 18 and 19 which are cut away at 20 and 21, respectively, at their diminished ends, and have rectangular enlargements 22 and 23, respectively, at their enlarged ends. At the ends of the end portions 3 and 4 there are positioned caps or heads 24 and 25, respectively, each having a cylindrical skirt 26, 2 rectangular recess 27 and an inwardly extending projection 28, see Figs. 5 and 6. The head 24 in turn is provided with an extension 29 to which there is connected a cord or the like 39, preferably of an elastic material having a button or enlargement 31 at its free end. The head 25, on the other hand, is preferably provided with a bifurcated extension 32 to receive the cord 30 as shown in Fig. 11.

In operation, the end of a strand 33 of hair, see Fig. 10, is wrapped within a paper strip or tissue 34 about four inches by two inches in accordance with convention which is folded around the end of the strand 33 of the hair to be wrapped around the rod 1, and then the rod 1 rolled downwards relative to the scalp 35 of the customer or patron, in the direction of the arrow 36. After the strand 33 of hair has been completely wrapped around the rod 1, in accordance with convention, then the cord 30 is laid over the outside of the strand 33 of hair, see Fig. 11, and the end of the cord 30 pressed into the notch of the bifurcated extension 32.

In the use of this curler after the strand 33 has been partly wrapped around the rod 1, after the tissue 34 has been passed and preferably after about one-half of the strand 33 has been wrapped, the operator or attendant will twist the heads 24 and 25 in opposite directions thereby causing the caps in turn to twist the containers 18 and 19 in opposition to the projections 17 until the containers break, whereupon the liquid in the containers 18 and 19 will be free to ooze out and seep through the openings 6, 7, 8 and 9 into engagement with the hair of the strand 33 until the hair has been thoroughly saturated. Some operators may of course also prefer to twist the heads 24 and 25 just before the cord 30, or just after the cord 39, has been secured in the bifurcated extension 32. Such deviation from the aforesaid operation will of course be within the purview of the present invention. The time requirement for retaining the rod 1 in place on the head of the customer or patron will of course depend upon the character of wave to be produced, the nature of the hair, and the nature of the liquid mixture. While this curler is particularly adapted for the cold wave process when the liquid mixture consists both of a lotion and a neutralizer, it will of course be obvious that it could also be used with the conventional heating method heretofore extensively used without departing from the general spirit of the invention when the liquid content would consist only of the lotion-and the neutralizer applied after the heat portion of the treatment has been completed.

The composition of the rod 1, containers 18, and 19, caps 24 and 25, and liquid contents of the containers '18 and 19 may of course vary without departing from the general spirit of the invention. As an instance, however, excellent results have been achieved when the rod 1 was composed of aluminum, the caps 24 and 25 of a durable substantial plastic material, and the containers composed of a readily fracturable thermoplastic or thermosetting material such as cellulose acetate, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, ethyl cellulose, 'copolyrner of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate, urea formaldehyde, melamine formaldehyde or resins made from urea, butanol and formaldehyde.

'In the use of this curler when the liquid contents of the containers 18 and 19 is a combined lotion and neutralizer liquid mixture, excellent results have been achieved when the mixture consists essentially 8% by weight of thioglycholic acid, 1% by weight either of a reducing magnesium salt or sodium hyposulphite, about 1% by weight of a neutralizer or bromate,a fraction of 1% by weight of a propellant similar to the Freons which are incorporated in pressurized aerosol packages or containers, and about 88% by Weight of water. In order to achieve a pH content of 9.3 according to convention, the required amount of alkali, such as triethanolamin or ammonia will be added. For certain hair it may also be desired to eliminate the reducing magnesium salt or sodium hyposulphite. The propellant, similar to the Freons which are incorporated in pressurized aerosol packages or containers, is added to cause a rapid and effective discharge of the contents of the containers 18 and 19 due to the instantaneous vaporization of the pro pellant when released under atmospheric pressure and room temperature it the propellant is captured in the containers '18 and 19 in a liquid state.

In place of the projection 28, a pin 36, Fig. 7, may be secured in the 'wallof the cap 37 used in place of the cap 25. 7

Furthermore, in place of the projections 17, the pin 38, Fig. 8, may extend through the rod 39, used in place of the'rod 1. 4

facilitate forming a tight curl of an extremely small diameter. This is made possible by dividing the container for the liquid into two units and providing means in' the enlarged ends of the rod to receive such liquid containers.

The shoulders and 16 intermediate the entrance passageways 12 and the branch passageways 13 and 14 are provided to cooperate with the projections 28 to anchor the caps 24 and 25 against accidental longitudinal displacement due to the explosive power of the propellant Due to the mildly explosive nature of the propellant when the containers 18 and 19 are fractured, the caps 24 and 25 might be thrust out. For this reason the branch passageways 13 and 14 are provided. In other words, when the caps 24 and-25 are fitted onto the rectangular' enlargements 22 and23 of the containers 18 and 19, the projections 28 of the caps 24 and 25 will enter the T-shaped openings 10 through the passageway 12 andthen when the caps are turned in either direction they will first clear either the shoulder 15 or 16 and thus lock the containers 18 and 19in the rod 1. Since there 'is suflicient clearance between the projections 17 and the in the containers 18 and'19 when they are fractured.

It is obvious that various changes and modifications may be made to the details of construction without departing from the general spirit of the invention as set forth in the appended claim.

I claim:

In a curler, the combination of a hollow rod open at both ends, said hollow rod comprising a chamber, said 'rod having two enlarged end portions and a diminished intermediate portion, there being openings in the side wall of the rod to provide exits from the chamber, two containers composed of fracturable material and having flattened inner ends, each container positioned in one of the enlarged end portions and having abutments at the outer ends thereof, pins extending across said rod for cooperating with the inner flattened ends of said containers to anchor said containers against rotation, and caps rotatably mounted on the ends of said rod and having angular recesses operatively receiving the abutments of said containers to enable cooperating with said abutments to twist said containers relative to said rod to fracture the same and allow their contents to discharge into said rod and out through the openings in said rod.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,894,797 Seward Ian. 17, 1933 1,946,813 Shelton Feb. 13, 1,934 2,102,885 Carroll Dec. 21, 1937 2,152,672 Solomon Apr. 4, 1939 2,201,929 Speakman May 21, 1940 2,202,146 Gee May 28, 1940 2,302,933 Barol Nov. 24, :1942 2,415,586 Grant Feb. 11, 1947 2,418,664 Ramsey Apr, 8, 1947 2,479,382 Mace Aug. 16, 1949 2,540,980 Beste et al. Feb. 6, 1,951 2,564,722 Reed-et a1 Aug. 21, 1951 2, 77,71 M Donough De 4, 1. 51 2,631,965 Schnell Mar. 17, 1953 2,657,694 Reed et al. Nov. 3,1953 2,677,380 Schoendorf May 4, 1954 2,736,323 McDonough Feb. 28, 1956 FOREIGN PATENTS 989,5 1 Fran e -:.--.-.--V, --V- M y 23. 19.51 999,115 France Qct. 3, 1951 1,022,822 France Dec. 24, 1952 OTHER REFERENCES Bunce; JAMA, April 5, 1941.

Handbook of Plastics, by Simonds and Ellis, published Manuf. Chemist, Cosmetic Aerosols, January 1954. 

